解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Rhythm control in atrial fibrillation (AF) can be achieved using pharmacological therapy. Amiodarone is the most efficacious anti-arrhythmic agent; however, its use is limited due to an unfavourable safety profile, including pro-arrhythmia, thyroid, liver, skin and pulmonary complications. Dronedarone, which is struct...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40264-012-0012-8
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current key challenges and controversies encountered in the identification of potentially hepatotoxic drugs and the assessment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) are covered in this article. There is substantial debate over the classification of DILI itself, including the definition and validity of terms such as 'int...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03261997
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although systems to collect information about suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were established in many countries and by the WHO in the 1960s, few studies have examined reported ADRs related to national income. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to characterize ADRs reported to the WHO-ADR database, ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03262002
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this narrative review, a brief summary of theoretical approaches to risk perception is followed by an analysis of some of the special factors influencing risk perception and risk communication in sub-Saharan Africa. Examples of recent and emergent local medicines and vaccine controversies in several countries are g...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03261990
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Automated disproportionality analysis of spontaneous reporting is increasingly used routinely. It can theoretically be influenced by a competition bias for signal detection owing to the presence of reports related to well-established drug-event associations. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to explore the...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03261981
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Potential severe liver injury is identified in clinical trials by ALT >3 × upper limits of normal (ULN) and total bilirubin >2 × ULN, and termed 'Hy's Law' by the US FDA. However, there is limited evidence or validation of these thresholds in clinical trial populations. Using liver chemistry data from clinic...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03261982
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Examination of clinical data routinely recorded in general practice provides significant opportunities for identifying and quantifying medicine-related adverse events not captured by spontaneous adverse reaction reporting systems. Robust pharmacovigilance methods for detecting and monitoring adverse events d...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03261970
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Macrolides are a group of commonly prescribed antibiotics. There is some doubt surrounding the use of the newer macrolides in pregnancy. OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to compare outcomes of pregnancies exposed to the new macrolides clarithromycin, azithromycin and roxithromycin with non-teratogenic prep...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2165/11630920-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) has been noted in association with daptomycin use. The product labelling was recently updated to include EP in the Warnings and Precautions and Post-Marketing Experience sections. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to analyse adverse event (AE) reports submitted to the US ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11597460-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several efforts are under way to develop and test methods for prospective drug safety monitoring using large, electronic claims databases. Prospective monitoring systems must incorporate signalling algorithms and techniques to mitigate confounding in order to minimize false positive and false negative signal...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11594770-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has long been recognized. However, no summary estimates of the increase in VTE risk associated with OC use have been available since 1995, and no meta-analyses have evaluated the VTE risk of new preparations containing drospi...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.2165/11598050-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The case-population approach or population-based case-cohort approach is derived from the case-control design and consists of comparing past exposure to a given risk factor in subjects presenting a given disease or symptom (cases) with the exposure rate to this factor in the whole cohort or in the source pop...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11592140-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Naproxen, ibuprofen and diclofenac are frequently used as comparators in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the safety and efficacy of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors. Different comparator doses may influence the results of RCTs. It has been hypothesized that RCTs of COX-2 inhibitors where different do...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11590470-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The US FDA has issued safety alerts and required manufacturers of leukotriene-modifying agents (LTMAs), including montelukast, zafirlukast and zileuton, to include suicide and neuropsychiatric events as a precaution in the drug label. This paper reviews the existing evidence on the potential association between the LT...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11587260-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinolones are a class of antibacterial agents for the treatment of several infectious diseases (e.g. urinary and respiratory tract infections). They are used worldwide due to their broad spectrum of activity, high bioavailability and good safety profile. The safety profile varies from quinolone to quinolone. The aim ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11587280-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus has been associated with the use of certain drugs in humans. Early reports suggested that procainamide and hydralazine were associated with the highest risk of developing lupus, quinidine with a moderate risk and all other dr...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11588500-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Highly publicized safety issues of medicinal products in recent years and the accompanying political pressure have forced both the US FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to implement stronger regulations concerning pharmacovigilance. These legislative changes demand more proactive risk management strategies of...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11586350-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody approved for treating CD20-positive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis but is used off-label for treating many autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Similarly to other monoclonal antibodies, the incidence of infusion-related reactions ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11585960-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last decade has seen an increase in the trend of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) usage in the Western world, which does not come as a surprise noting that the latest American Heart Association heart and stroke statistics indicate an alarming prevalence of 80 million Americans (one in three) with one or more ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11584380-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In November 2009, a vaccination campaign against Influenza A (H1N1) was started in the Netherlands. The accelerated registration procedure of the vaccines used in this campaign and the use of these vaccines on a large scale indicated a need for real-time safety monitoring. OBJECTIVE:To describe the processi...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11539270-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pharmacists have an essential role in improving drug usage and preventing prescribing errors (PEs). PEs at the interface of care are common, sometimes leading to adverse drug events (ADEs). This was the first study to investigate, using a computerized search method, the number, types, severity, pharmacists' ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11538310-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medication-related adverse events (MRAEs) form a large proportion of all adverse events in hospitalized patients and are associated with considerable preventable harm. Detailed information on harm related to drugs administered during hospitalization is scarce. Knowledge of the nature and preventability of MR...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11536800-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the UK, spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by healthcare professionals has been in operation since 1964 through the Yellow Card Scheme (YCS). From 2005, patients themselves have been able to submit Yellow Card reports. OBJECTIVE:To compare patient characteristics, suspected ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11536510-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug safety is not a matter for healthcare professionals alone. Patients are also involved, at three different levels: (i) in the behaviours patients adopt to reduce the adverse effects of the drugs; (ii) in regard to what some doctors say to their patients about drug risks; and (iii) in what the pharmaceutical indust...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11538320-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For many regularly used drugs, evidence for safe use in pregnancy has not been established. Despite this, international studies have identified high levels of drug prescribing among pregnant women. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the patterns of prescribing of drugs to women who gave birth in Tayside, Scotland, in...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11532330-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Screening large databases of spontaneous case reports of possible adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is an established method of identifying hitherto unknown adverse effects of medicinal products; however, there is a lack of consensus concerning the value of formal statistical screening procedures in guiding such...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11534410-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is fundamental to drug safety surveillance (pharmacovigilance); however, substantial under-reporting exists and is the main limitation of the system. Several factors could favour under-reporting. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this pilot study was to assess the e...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11319170-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::After 2002, an association between stroke and antipsychotic use was reported in clinical trials and large database studies. This review considers previous quantitative reviews, newly published clinical trials, and recent observational cohort and case-control studies, and focuses on the clinical significance of the ris...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11319120-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of data mining has increased among regulators and pharmaceutical companies. The incremental value of data mining as an adjunct to traditional pharmacovigilance methods has yet to be demonstrated. Specifically, the utility in identifying new safety signals and the resources required to do so have not ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11319000-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of published studies compare adverse event rates for drugs on the basis of reports in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS). While the AERS data have the advantage of timely availability and a large capture population, the database is subject to many significant biases, and lacks complete...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002018-200932020-00006
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or ALS-like conditions have arisen in apparent association with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ('statins') and/or other lipid-lowering drugs (collectively termed 'statins' in this paper for brevity), additional information is needed to understand whether the c...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002018-200932080-00004
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pioglitazone is an antidiabetic drug that belongs to the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of insulin-sensitizing agents. Adverse events to pioglitazone of potential severity are listed in the 'special warnings and special precautions for use' section of the pioglitazone summary of product characteristics (SPC),...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002018-200932030-00005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spontaneous reports of suspected adverse drug reactions to regulatory bodies and market authorization holders are important in pharmacovigilance. Follow-up information, which can be difficult to obtain, is often required from reporters; therefore, we developed targeted follow-up letters that we hoped would m...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11318940-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benefit-risk assessment should be ongoing during the life cycle of a pharmaceutical agent. New products are subjected to rigorous registration laws and rules, which attempt to assure the availability and validity of evidence. For older products, bias in benefit-risk assessment is more likely, as a number of safeguards...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002018-200932040-00003
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Following reports of sudden death in patients taking medication to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), this study aimed to identify cases of death in patients prescribed stimulants and atomoxetine and to determine any association between these and sudden death. METHOD:The UK General Pract...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11317630-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Newly approved drugs, in comparison with older drugs, are more often prescribed to patients who have not responded satisfactorily to established related drugs or as first-line therapy to patients with a high baseline risk for adverse outcomes (i.e. channelling). However, these patients are less likely to ben...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00002018-200831020-00004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) is a potent intravenous hypnotic agent that is widely used in adults and children for sedation and the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Propofol has gained popularity for its rapid onset and rapid recovery even after prolonged use, and for the neuroprotection conferred. Howev...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002018-200831040-00003
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiplatelet therapy is universally recommended for the prevention of recurrent events in patients with noncardioembolic ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), acute and chronic coronary artery disease, or peripheral arterial disease. However, choosing which antiplatelet agents to use in these situation...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002018-200831060-00001
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linezolid is an oxazolidinone, a new class of antibacterial with a unique mechanism of action, namely inhibition of the formation of a functional 70S initiation complex in the 50S bacterial ribosomal subunit. Linezolid is highly active against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive cocci, including meticillin-resistant Sta...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00002018-200831090-00004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor infliximab is incorporated in the treatment guidelines for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, concerns about serious adverse events such as infections, malignancies and death do exist. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the occurrence of serious events of ...
journal_title:Drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/0002018-200831120-00009
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00